Brushless motors and brushed motors essentially perform the same function. They convert electric current into rotary motion. The main difference between them is that brushed motors are mechanically driven and brushless motors are electronically driven.
While brushed motors have been around for more than 100 years, brushless motors began in the 1960s when solid-state electronics made the design of brushless motors possible. It wasn't until the 1980s that brushless motors became more common in tools and electronics. Today, both designs are widely used around the world.
■ Brushed motors
Brushed motors are motors that use mechanical brushes in their internal structure to transfer current by mutual friction with the commutator.
Advantages of brushed motors: Simple structure, low cost, and easy maintenance, so they were widely used in early electric vehicles and power tools.
Disadvantages of brushed motors: brushes wear out easily, sparks generated tend to burn out the motor, slow speed, etc.
■ Brushless motor
Brushless motors are motors that do not use mechanical brushes in their internal structure but rather use an electronic commutator to transfer current.
Advantages of brushless motors: long life, low maintenance cost, high speed, high torque, etc. With the continuous development of technology, brushless motors are more and more widely used in fields such as electric vehicles and power tools.
In addition to the differences in structure and principle, brushless motors and brushed motors also have some differences in performance and use. For example, brushless motors have less noise and vibration, so they are widely used in some high-end electric vehicles and power tools. In addition, brushless motors have better speed control performance and can be controlled by electronic controllers to realize precise speed control. Brushed motors can be speed-regulated by simply changing the voltage or current of the power supply.
Summary:
In general, brushless motors and brushed motors have their own advantages and disadvantages, and the choice of which motor to use needs to be decided according to the specific application scenarios and usage requirements. In some of the requirements of high performance, high precision, and long life occasions, a brushless motor is a better choice; while in some of the requirements of low cost, easy maintenance occasions, a brushed motor is more suitable.
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